Key Findings
This is a quick summary of the main discovery for each research paper we have published, organized issue by issue. Each key finding is below the article title, with a link to the abstract.
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January 2018
Mecamylamine treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized controlled trial
Mecamylamine did not reduce alcohol consumption significantly in either treatment-seeking smokers or non-smokers with alcohol use disorder.
Major life events and risk of alcohol use disorders: a prospective cohort study
There is a strong association between serious economic problems in adult life and risk of alcohol use disorders.
Prediction of alcohol use disorder using personality disorder traits: a twin study
Conduct disorder and self-harming impulsivity are the foremost risk traits for alcohol use disorder among the 80 personality disorder criteria of DSM-IV.
Childhood traumatic experiences and the association with marijuana and cocaine use in adolescence through adulthood
In the US, childhood trauma (individual types and total number experienced) is significantly associated with marijuana and cocaine use throughout life.
The stability of baseline-defined categories of alcohol consumption during the adult life-course: a 28-year prospective cohort study
Among UK civil servants, alcohol consumption within baseline drinking categories is generally stable during the life-course, except among heavier baseline drinkers, for whom intakes decline with increasing age.
To take or not to take: the association between perceived addiction risk, expected analgesic response and likelihood of trying novel pain relievers in self-identified chronic pain patients
In the US, self-identified chronic pain patients (CPP) at higher risk for opioid misuse are more likely to report willingness to try a novel analgesic despite increasing addiction risk than CPP with low risk of opioid misuse.
Risk factors for severe respiratory depression from prescription opioid overdose
The severity of symptoms in people attending US emergency departments because of prescription opioid overdose varied widely with the type of opioid and was worse in substance misusers and older patients.
The relationship between gambling expenditure, socio-demographics, health-related correlates and gambling behaviour—a cross-sectional population-based survey in Finland
In Finland, men spend more than women on gambling relative to net income. Those on lower incomes spend proportionately more of their income on gambling than those on higher incomes.
Association between universal hepatitis B prison vaccination, vaccine uptake and hepatitis B infection among people who inject drugs
In Scotland, uptake of hepatitis B virus vaccination among people in the community who inject drugs has increased since the 1999 introduction of universal prison vaccination.
Adult interest in using a hypothetical modified risk tobacco product: findings from wave 1 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study (2013–14)
Among US adults, interest in using a hypothetical modified risk tobacco product is low overall, and highest among current experimental and established smokers.
Self-changing behaviour in smoking cessation linked to trait and cognitive impulsivity
Among smokers who do not seek treatment to help them stop, those who succeed in stopping appear to have a lower tendency to act on impulse and inhibit thoughts than those who continue to smoke.
Effects of comorbid substance use disorders on outcomes in a Housing First intervention for homeless people with mental illness
Housing First programmes in Canada for people who are experiencing homelessness and mental illness are equally effective in people with and without comorbid substance use disorder (SUD).
German EstSmoke: Estimating adult smoking-related costs and consequences of smoking cessation for Germany
Life-time healthcare costs of German smokers appear to be substantially greater than those of German nonsmokers.
Effects of high alcohol intake, alcohol-related symptoms and smoking on mortality
The number of symptoms related to high alcohol intake and smoking appears to account for the positive association between alcohol consumption and early death.
Associations of coffee genetic risk scores with consumption of coffee, tea and other beverages in the UK Biobank
Coffee-related genetic risk scores could be used as instrumental variables indexing combined coffee and tea consumption in Mendelian randomization studies.
Scaling-up HCV prevention and treatment interventions in rural United States— model projections for tackling an increasing epidemic
To decrease hepatitis C virus (HCV) incidence and prevalence in rural Indiana, USA, by 90% by 2025/30, both HCV treatment and prevention interventions must be increased.