Key Findings
This is a quick summary of the main discovery for each research paper we have published, organized issue by issue. Each key finding is below the article title, with a link to the abstract.
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May 2019
Modelling continuous abstinence rates over time from clinical trials of pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation
Continuous abstinence rates in clinical trials of smoking cessation pharmacotherapies can be modelled to allow accurate prediction of abstinence rates up to 52 weeks from end of treatment.
Income trajectories prior to alcohol‐attributable death in Finland and Sweden
In Finland and Sweden, income appears to decline substantially before alcohol‐attributable death.
Blunted stress reactivity reveals vulnerability to early life adversity in young adults with a family history of alcoholism
People with a family history of alcoholism appear to be more vulnerable to the impact of exposure to early life adversity on stress responsiveness compared with people with no family history of alcoholism.
Young cohorts of Russians drink less: age–period–cohort modelling of alcohol use prevalence 1994–2016
The recent downward trend in alcohol use in Russia appears to be attributable to reduced participation rates among younger cohorts born after 1990.
Neighborhood density of alcohol outlets moderates genetic and environmental influences on alcohol problems
People who are genetically predisposed to develop alcohol problems may be especially sensitive to the influence of alcohol outlet density in their community.
Traffic fatalities within US states that have legalized recreational cannabis sales and their neighbours
In the first year of legalized recreational cannabis in Washington, Oregon, and Colorado, traffic fatalities temporarily increased by an average of one more per million residents in those states and their neighbouring states.
Birth cohort effects on the quantity and heritability of alcohol consumption in adulthood: a Finnish longitudinal twin study
The contribution of genetic and environmental variability to variability in alcohol consumption in the Finnish population appears to vary by birth cohort.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among opioid‐dependent patients in agonist treatment. A diagnostic study
People in opioid dependence treatment have higher rates of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease than the general population.
Pharmacokinetics of a novel, approved, 1.4‐mg intranasal naloxone formulation for reversal of opioid overdose—a randomized controlled trial
Intranasal 1.4 mg naloxone appears to provide adequate systemic concentrations to treat opioid overdose.
Finding smoking hot‐spots: a cross‐sectional survey of smoking patterns by housing tenure in England
People living in publicly-owned or housing-association housing are much more likely to be smokers, even after adjusting for poverty and other socio-economic factors. These smokers are more motivated to stop than other smokers but find it more difficult.
Harm perceptions of e‐cigarettes and other nicotine products in a UK sample
Large proportions of UK smokers and ex‐smokers overestimate the relative harmfulness of e‐cigarettes and NRT compared with smoking.
Vaping characteristics and expectancies are associated with smoking cessation propensity among dual users of combustible and electronic cigarettes
Among e‐cigarette users who also smoke cigarettes, more frequent vaping is associated with greater likelihood of later quitting smoking while enthusiasm for vaping, higher nicotine content in e-cliquid, and use of tobacco-flavoured solution is associated with lower likelihood of quitting.
Patterns and correlates of polysubstance use among US youth aged 15–17 years: wave 1 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study
Among US youth aged 15–17 years, substance use is correlated with higher sensation‐seeking, poor academic performance, non‐urban residence, minority sexual orientation and mental health problems.