Ethical Policy

Editorial Independence

The Society for the Study of Addiction respects and supports the independence of the journal’s editors and exerts no authority over them.

Editors' Declarations of Interest

Brief statements on senior editors' interests which might be seen as having a potential bearing on the independence of their editorial judgements. These are shown at the foot of this page. Statements by the journal’s assistant editors are held in the editorial office.

Farmington Consensus

ADDICTION is a founding signatory of the Farmington Consensus. The Consensus is a series of ethical publishing guidelines for addiction journals, which 26 journals have adopted to date. The Consensus was developed in 1997 at the inaugural meeting of the group now known as the International Society of Addiction Journal Editors (ISAJE).

International Society of Addiction Journal Editors (ISAJE) Draft Ethical Guidelines

Building on the Farmington Consensus, the ISAJE Ethical Working Group has developed detailed guidelines on ethical issues. The resulting document can be found in draft form here. It endeavours to provide guidance to authors, editors and other individuals on ethical and procedural matters that affect the integrity of scientific publishing in the addiction field. We urge readers, writers, reviewers and the entire editorial network of ADDICTION to study the guidelines, to criticise them, to improve them and to use them effectively.

Ethics Editorials

§ Click here to read the journal's policy on real or apparent breaches of ethical publishing norms by authors. “No switching off the camera. How Addiction will respond to infringements of ethical publishing expectation” (Addiction 96, 1391-1392)

§ Babor: "Ethics Matter: to authors, editors and those we serve" (Addiction 98, 1-2).
Babor's editorial offers an introduction to the ISAJE guidelines and discusses some background issues.

Further information on the journal’s ethical policies and procedures may be found in the ADDICTION policy manual. Please click here.

ADDICTION has asked its senior editors to provide brief statements on any interests which might be seen as having a potential bearing on the independence of their editorial judgements. We have done so in the belief that such transparency is owed to our authors and readers; and is fair reciprocity for the requirement on declaration of interests which we put on authors, referees and book reviewers. Senior staff are expected to distance themselves from any editorial decision-making where potential conflict of interest might be deemed to exist.

Robert West

Robert West has received travel funds and hospitality from, and undertaken research and consultancy for pharmaceutical companies that manufacture or research products aimed at helping smokers to stop. These products include nicotine replacement therapies and Zyban (bupropion). This has led to payments to him personally and to his institution. He undertakes lectures and training in smoking cessation methods which have led to payments to him personally and to his institution. He has received research grants from medical charities and government departments.

Steve Allsop

Steve Allsop has no institutional or other associations which he believes contribute to a conflict of interest. He is currently in a University post with funding from the Australian Commonwealth Government; he has served as a senior public servant in Western Australia; he is currently a member of the Board of the WA Alcohol and Drug Authority and a member of the Commission for Occupational Safety and Health, WA. He has received fees and travel expenses from pharmaceutical companies, government and university bodies for facilitation of professional and community meetings. He has received payment and travel expenses for teaching at clinical training events, organised by professional bodies, supported by funds provided by pharmaceutical companies.

Paul Aveyard

Paul Aveyard receives a personal income from work for the UK National Health Service (NHS) and the Universities of Birmingham and Oxford. He has received research funds from the NHS, and various research charities. In addition to this, he has received nicotine replacement products from Novartis and nortriptyline from King Pharmaceuticals for distribution to trial participants. Paul has received personal income for advice to Xenova, a biotechnology company investigating a nicotine vaccine and fees for refereeing for the British Medical Journal.

Thomas F. Babor

Thomas Babor has over the past five years conducted research projects whose funding sources have derived from federal, state or non-profit organisations, and from Westat Inc., a sub-contractor to the federal Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. He has received personal fees, travel expenses and subsistence from the Society for the Study of Addiction, Connecticut State Medical Society, World Health Organisation, US National Institutes of Health (NIAAA), Washington University (St Louis) and US Centers for Disease Control. Dr Babor receives salary support not covered by grants from a PHS Endowed Chair in Community Medicine and Public Health. PHS (Physicians Health Service) is a for-profit Health Maintenance Organization that donated funding for five endowed chairs to the University of Connecticut School of Medicine. He has received no support from industry sources such as pharmaceutical, alcohol and tobacco companies and holds no personal stock.

Raul Caetano

For the past 10 years Raul Caetano's research has been primarily funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIAAA) and also by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. He has received consultant fees and travel support from state offices, professional organizations, universities and other academic institutes in the U.S. He has also been a paid consultant to non-profit agencies working as subcontractors to the U.S. government. Raul Caetano also receives salary support from the University of Texas.

Shane Darke

Shane Darke is employed solely by the National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, a Research Centre of the University of New South Wales. The Centre, and his position, are funded by the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing. Shane does no outside consultancy work, has never received funding from alcohol, pharmaceutical or tobacco companies, and holds no stock in any such companies. He is unaware of any potential conflicts of interest in his work on the editorial team of Addiction.

Frances Del Boca

For the past five years, Frances Del Boca has received financial support from research grants funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health (National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism). She also receives book and chapter royalties, as well as reviewing stipends, from publishing companies. To the best of her knowledge, she has no professional affiliations, society memberships, or personal stock that create conflicts of interest with her editorial responsibilities for Addiction.

Griffith Edwards

GE has over the last five years received fees for medico-legal consultancy. He received a fee for preparing a briefing document for the British Crown Prosecution Service and has advised the Metropolitan Police. Travel expenses have been paid by WHO (Europe), the Society for the Study of Addiction and university sources. A number of academic publishers have paid him for advice and he receives book royalties. GE has no institutional affiliations or society memberships which he believes could reasonably be construed as potentially constituting conflict of interest. He is open to further enquiry from any reader of the journal who might wish to question him.

Gerhard Gmel

Over the past five years, Gerhard Gmel has received grants from various governmental and quasi-governmental sources, the Swiss National Science Foundation and the Swiss Foundation for Alcohol Research, and the World Health Organization. He is currently employed at the Swiss Institute for the Prevention of Alcohol and Drug Problems, a NGO that receives donations from the Swiss general population. He has received fees from his institute, WHO, and the Swiss government for attending international meetings. He has received no support from industry sources such as pharmaceutical, alcohol and tobacco companies and holds no personal stock.

Martin Y. Iguchi

Martin Y. Iguchi has conducted research over the past 20+ years with funding from a variety of US Government sources (National Institutes of Health (NIDA, NIMH); Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (CSAT; CSAP; CMHS); Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration (NIDA); Health Resources and Services Administration; New Jersey State Department of Health; City of Newark, New Jersey), and non-profit organizations (Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; Ford Foundation; Russell-Sage Foundation; Foundation of the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey). He has also been a paid consultant to non-profit agencies working as subcontractors to the US government. Over the past five years, he received personal fees, travel expenses and subsistence from numerous US local, state, and federal government agencies, non-profit organizations, universities and other academic organizations. Dr Iguchi receives salary support not covered by grants from his tenured faculty position at the University of California Los Angeles, School of Public Health. He received no support from industry sources such as pharmaceutical, alcohol, and tobacco companies and holds fewer than 50 shares of Apple Computer stock.

Jerome H. Jaffe

Over the past five years JHJ has received travel expenses, consulting fees, or hospitality from various industry sources. Among them are several companies whose interests include the development of medications or technologies that have or may have a bearing on the treatment of pain, the misuse of drugs, or the management of treatment systems. The medications include methadone, LAAM, buprenorphine, oxycodone, Zolpidem, and a peripheral opioid antagonist, (ADL-2698). The technologies include methods to detect drugs in oral fluids, to reduce tobacco specific nitrosamines in tobacco, and to develop tobacco products with reduced levels of tobacco specific nitrosamines and other toxins. He has also been paid fees for providing medical-legal advice on a matter relating to the appropriate medical treatment of individuals with drug problems. Honoraria and/or travel expenses have been paid by universities in the US and Europe, US government agencies or their contractors, other public and private agencies in the US concerned with the delivery of drug abuse treatment services, and professional societies in the US, Europe, and the UK. Royalty fees or honoraria have been paid by a number of academic publishers. Institutional support has been provided by the University of Maryland School of Medicine. JHJ serves pro-bono as advisor on a number of research grants, funded by public and private agencies, that deal with diverse public health and drug abuse treatment issues, drug development and safety, and the basic science of drug abuse. He does not, himself, receive any research grant support.

Lynn Kozlowski

Lynn Kozlowski's statement refers to the past five years. He has conducted research projects whose funding derived from the Pennsylvania State University, federal agencies (NCI and the CDC) as well as the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. He has received personal fees and travel expenses from US National Institutes of Health (NCI), the University of Minnesota, the University of Kentucky and Pinney Associates (which consults with the pharmaceutical industry) for advisory consultations and lectures. He has received no support from industry sources such as pharmaceutical, alcohol and tobacco companies and holds no personal stock. He has testified in court cases against the cigarette industry.

Harry Lando

Harry Lando has received travel funds and has consulted with pharmaceutical companies that manufacture products intended to help smokers to quit. These products include nicotine replacement, Zyban (bupropion), and Chantix (Varenicline). His research is primarily funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health. Additional funding sources have included the Department of Defense, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and ClearWay Minnesota (established as a result of the state of Minnesota settlement with the tobacco industry). He currently chairs the Global Network Committee of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco and is a past president of that organization. He does not accept speaking engagements on behalf of pharmaceutical companies or tobacco cessation products.

John Marsden

John Marsden has over the past five years directed various research studies that have been sponsored by UK government departments, Action on Addiction, the World Health Authority and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. He has received fees for professional advice given to health authorities, charitable organisations and for legal reports. He also receives fees for journalism and other media work. John has received travel, accommodation and subsistence support to attend and facilitate expert meetings in Bangkok (2001) and Hanoi (2003) both sponsored by Reckitt-Benkiser via an educational grant to Department of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, University of Adelaide.

Barbara S. McCrady

Barbara McCrady has over the past five years conducted research and program evaluation projects funded by the US National Institutes of Health (NIAAA and NIDA), the State of New Jersey, the Annie E. Casey Foundation, and the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey. She has received contractual funds and royalties for the publication of books, monographs, and chapters. She also has received funds from book publishers for advice on future publishing projects. She has received personal fees and travel expenses for workshops, lectures, and consultation from various universities, health care organizations, the American Society of Addiction Medicine, and the National Institutes of Health. She currently receives an honorarium as a member of the Board of Directors of the Pacific Institute on Research and Evaluation, and formerly as a member of the Research Advisory Board of the Hazelden Foundation. She serves without remuneration as a member of the International Advisory Board of SMART Recovery. She receives full salary support from Rutgers University, the state university of New Jersey. She has no institutional affiliations or society memberships that she believes could be construed as creating a conflict of interest with her responsibilities as a member of the editorial staff of Addiction.

Peter Miller

Peter Miller has no affiliations which he believes constitute a conflict of interest. In the past five years he has been funded by charitable foundations, government departments and a pharmaceutical company via an intermediary charity. Travel expenses have been paid by charities, the Society for the Study of Addiction and university sources. He holds no stocks in any related companies.

Michael John Morgan

From 1991-2005 he has held University posts funded by the UK government and has received personal grants from UK Research Councils. He is the convenor of the MSc in Substance Misuse at the University of Sussex and external examiner for the MSc in Drug Use and Addiction at Liverpool John Moores University. He has received no fees from industry sources.

Maxine Stitzer

Maxine Stitzer has over the past five years conducted research projects whose funding sources have derived solely from federal agencies (NIDA, NCI). She has received personal fees and travel expenses from US National Institutes of Health (NIDA), Veterans Administration, University of Wisconsin, and Cincinnati University for grant review, advisory consultation and lectures. She has received no support from industry sources such as pharmaceutical, alcohol and tobacco companies and holds no personal stock.

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